Fall Of The Roman Empire Essay - 1464 Words

FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE: Jesse R. Allen HIST 115 12/11/2016 Rome, once a city-state with conquests on Asia-Minor, Afria, Corsica, Spain, and Sarinina had become a ruling empire in the Mediterranean by 150BCE (Ridley, The Fall of the Roman Republic 2016). This dominant empire remained on power for many centuries and came to an end in a few mere decades. By the turn of the 5th century, the western empire, functionality of this empire had ceased to work while its eastern counterpart continued for almost another thousand years. This collapse affected trade network and communication routes. Scholars have several conclusions on the cause of this failure, but only a few prevail to be a main cause of this demise. Economics played a huge part in the collapse. Estate owners and commercial farms extensively used slave labor and concentrated on lucrative crop production such as grapes and olives for exports (Morato 2016). Cheap labor gave these large estates cost advantages over smaller lands which had to rely on work done by its owners. Slaves gave estates additional benefits as they were tenant labor which means they could be worked longer and harder than non slaves. In the first century, there were a substantial number of non-slave laborers working the land. Over time, there was a consolidation of small farms as owners had to sell or went off to assist in war efforts. Pastures once used for the production of grains were converted to vineyards and orchards. ThisShow MoreRelatedFall of the Roman Empire1288 Words   |  6 PagesThe Pax Romana was a two hundred year time period where the Romans had peace and prosperity under Augustus. The Roman empire started to decline at the end of the prevail of the last five emperors, Marcus Aurelius in 161-180 A.D. The rulers in the next century had no idea how to deal with the problems the empire was having. There was many reasons to the fall of the Roman Empire but three stood out the most. The preliminary reason was the economy begins to decline. The alternative reasoning was RomeRead MoreThe Fall Of The Roman Empire1537 Words   |  7 PagesAncient Rome was an empire so dominant, wealthy and economically- stable which came to a dramatic fall in the period of 250AD- 500AD. Ancient Rome faced unexplained unfortunate events which crumbled the Great Empire from the affluent empire to a impoverished society. For centuries historians have timelessly theorised and analysed many debates and research in relation to the Fall of the Roman Empire. What really caused the predominate Roman Empire to fall? Did Rome fall naturally? Was disease, suchRead MoreFall of the Roman Empire758 Words   |  4 PagesTaylor Davino Professor Horsley HIS 126 3 March 2010 The fall of the Roman Empire Political, economic and social aspects were all involved in the fall of the Roman Empire. In 395 A.D., Rome was divided into two empires, with one capital in Rome and the other in Constantinople. During that time, the western Roman Empire was being invaded by barbarian tribes from the North. In 410, the Visigoth tribe succeeded in conquering the western capital in Rome. In 476, the western EmperorRead MoreThe Fall Of The Roman Empire1419 Words   |  6 PagesThe Roman Empire was a powerful governing body of extensive political and social structures throughout western civilization. How did this empire fall and were internal factories responsible? Slow occurrences in succession to one another led to the fall of the empire rather than one single event. The fall of the Roman Empire was a combination of both internal and external pressures, not just one, leading up to the complete decay of the cities—Rome and Constantinople. However, one could argue how oneRead MoreThe Fall Of Ro man Empire1185 Words   |  5 PagesThe Fall of Roman Empire Roman Empire was considered as one of the most influential and dominant Empire in the history that has ever existed. â€Å"The Roman Empire at its zenith in the period of the Principate (roughly, 27 BC to AD 235) covered vast tracts of three continents, Europe, Africa, and Asia† (Garnsey). It was an ancient, modern Empire, and it supported anyone who made discoveries and technological improvements. The Empire was the strongest governing body in the Mediterranean. If the RomanRead MoreThe Fall Of The Roman Empire1440 Words   |  6 PagesSophie Loren Plays a Leading Role in the Fall of the Roman Empire? The reason for the fall of the Roman Empire is a controversial topic under much historical debate. How did such a great empire, known for being one of the largest that lasted over a millennium, fall? The Roman Empire transitioned from a republic to an empire in 31 BCE. Augustus Caesar was the first emperor. He created harmony in Rome, but not in calendars as he added August as the eighth month to follow July, which was named afterRead MoreFall of Roman Empire1175 Words   |  5 PagesThe Fall of the Roman Empire The Ancient Roman empire was one of the most prominent and successful societies of its time period. By the end of their reign, the Romans had conquered almost all of the Mediterranean including parts of present day Europe, Asia, and Africa. Rome was at its strongest during the rule of Augustus Caesar, this time was known as the â€Å"Pax Romana† or Roman peace. It wasn’t until later, when Emperor Trajan took over in about 98 C.E. that the Empire reached its peak. AfterRead MoreThe Fall of the Roman Empire609 Words   |  3 PagesThe Fall of the Roman Empire There are adherents to single factors, but more people think Rome fell because of a combination of such factors as Christianity, and economy, and military problems. Even the rise of Islam is proposed as the reason for Romes fall, by some who think the Fall of Rome happened at Constantinople in the 15th Century. Most people think it occurred during the fifth century, after the western division of the empire. There were several reasons for the fall of the Roman EmpireRead MoreThe Fall Of The Roman Empire1438 Words   |  6 PagesThe Roman Empire was one of the most powerful empires in the history of mankind. In 476 CE Odoacer defeated Romulus Augustus to capture Rome; most historians agree that this was the official end of the Western Roman Empire. There is much debate on how exactly Rome declined and eventually fell. The fall of Rome was a long process that took place over many centuries. There are five main schools of thought on why Rome fell. First, Christianity, offered by Edward Gibbons; He suggests that ChristianityRead MoreThe Fall Of The Roman Empire1495 Words   |  6 PagesFor a long period of time, the debate about the cause of the fall of the Roman Empire has been a popular topic amongst historians. Most of these historians look at the issue from a standpoint that accepts that there were most likely several causes. The main root of the issue is whether or not these causes were internal or external. Some historians even go more in depth and try to hypothesize what the internal or external causes were. In fact, Adrian Goldsworthy and Peter Heather do just this when

Cancer Diary of Osteosarcoma Free Essays

SUBMITTED BY: ARAGAW GEBEYEHU SUBMITTED: DR. FLORES ROZAS DATE OF SUBMISSION: 04/16/1801/26/12 My name is osteosarcoma. I am highly malignant tumor of mesenchymal origin and the second most common primary malignant bone tumor . We will write a custom essay sample on Cancer Diary of Osteosarcoma or any similar topic only for you Order Now I am originate from mesenchymal cells. I have spindle shape and hyper chromatic nucleus. I have been formed when osteoblasts cells secreted malignant osteoid. I am like osteoblast (bone forming) cells, but I cannot make strong matrix like them. You know that osteoblasts originate from immature mesenchymal stem cells. So my ancestors are from those. But I am already modified in to osteosarcoma cell. I can occur at any bones found in the body. I am more frequent at sites of the most rapid bone growth; those are extremities of long bones near metaphyseal growth plates. From the sites that I frequently choose ;distal and proximal end of femur (42%),proximal end of tibia(19%), proximal end of humerus (10%), pelvis skull and jaw(85%) and pelvis( 8%). I can be appearing 1 to 3 million people per year. Off course, I am rare compared to other types of cancer. I can attack any age as primary osteosarcoma but mostly between 10-25yrs. I can also come at older individuals as secondary osteosarcoma. I affect males little bit more than females. I am most common in patients with Fraumeni syndrome, Rothmund-Thomson syndrome, Bloom and Werner syndromes. Exposing to Paget disease and ionizing radiation give favorable conditions for me to develop our colony. Fig 1. Osteosarcoma genesis and osteogenesis When I was changing to osteosarcoma, there was a mutations of MDM2 amplifications which led to p53 gene inactivation. Another controller gen which is called retinoblastoma (RB) genes was also altered. I become safe because there is no more check point and control for me .But the normal bone cells have several check points in their cell cycle. In the presence of RB mutations I will occur at an incidence 500 times that of the normal population. Normal cells are always worrying for G1/S check point but I am not, because the p53 and Rb genes are already mutated (lost their function). I am preparing more DNA and for that I am also synthesizing mRNA and important proteins. During my replication time I gained chromosome number 1 and lost chromosome 9, 10 and 13. Till now I am successfully dividing and I am forming other similar cells. In near future I will have my own colony of cells and my own sarcoma tissues01//14/2014As usual I was preparing to divide but the proteins detected a damage in my DNA. The damage was too big to be repaired. Even if it is bigger damage I will not go to programmed cell death called apoptosis. Because this is not my character. My only goal is to survive and proliferate more. This is my unique behavior. Of course I was not like this, I was following the normal path of cell cycle and programed cell death. This thing happened after I lost my DNA sequence that triggers cell death pathway.5/18/15Recently I got another mutations and my FOS and Jun proteins are up regulated. Those proteins are components of activator protein1 complex (AP-1). AP-1 his regulator of cell transcription. Now I am getting additional energy because my transcription regulators are out of service. I can proliferate freely and destroy bone cortex and extend towards bone marrow cavity and soon out wards towards adjacent soft tissues.10/17/15I am now thinking why not I visit other organs. I have information lung, liver and also other bones are the safe place and more fertile to me . When I become more organize, I can migrate and live there. I am already resistant to programed cell death (anoikis) and can exhibit anchorage independent growth (AIG). Abnormal integrin? v6, Rho, ATPase e.g. Racl and Cdc42 upregulated p13 kinases which in turn inhibited proapoptotic factor Bad and this protected me from apoptosis even when I am not attached to any membrane. Now I have bigger size with hypoxic and acidic environment. So I need supporting blood vessels to obtain oxygen and nutrients I have done angiogenesis for my sustained growth and further metastasis. My intrinsic conditions have to lead to stimulation of von Hippie Lindau protein. It releases hypoxia inducible factor-1? (HIF-?)which further up regulates several VEGF gene such as VEGF A through VEGF E. This further releases Nitric oxide (NO) from endothelial cells and results in vasodilation and increased vascular permeability. By doing those processes I got leaky and irregular vasculature.3/14/16 I am starting flight to lung. I am using integrin proteins, which found in my surface ,in attaching to matrix proteins (fibronectin).For my signal transduction and interaction with other cells, I use integrin along with ezrin protein ,foal adhesion kinase (FAK),protein kinase C (PKC) and Rho GTPase. They also help me for my conformational changes. Besides to this matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) are helping me in my sojourn through blood vessels and tissue renewal process. Now I have reached the lungs and I am growing, multiplying and consuming all nutrients. It is like as I heard .I like it.10/10/2016Today, the patient could not resist me .He took me to hospital. Because I create sever pain and swelling. I was diagnosed by radiograph as high grade sarcoma. Additionally they did CT scan, RI and biopsy and confirmed my stage. They are now discussing to fight against me.Yes they have started chemotherapy (high dose methotrexate, doxorubicin and cisplatin). I have been fighting against those drugs for the last three months and I am now getting old, starving and feeling weaker day by day. Oh those drugs become treble for me. Methotrexate is a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, it can block folic acid supply which is needed for my RNA and DNA synthesis. Doxorubicin which is also a drug that interact with my DNA and inhibits biosynthesis of macro molecules. Cisplatin causes damage to my DNA. I have to create solutions, because I am no longer able to make RNA efficiently. But I am struggling to continue my life. I got another mutations which is alteration in reduced folate reductase (RFC) protein Leu291pro.Yes I did it. This alteration unable carrier to transport methotrexate towards me .Besides to this, membrane pump-glycoproteins (P-gp) is also helping me with pumping out these drugs. Due to this I start dividing and spreading slowly but steadily. Other worse situations are happening to me, they are using high energy rays (x-rays) to kill me. I am no longer able to grow. I am shrinking. 4/14/18The worst thing are happened on me. Now, they are performing surgery and removing me as cancerous tissue. I was sending my daughters to afar to lung. By myself I am highly depressed and weak due to huge loss my colony. I try to grow and spread again by my reserve soldiers and by those immigrant members. They are still in dilemma to administer chemotherapeutic agent after surgery. The people are always struggling to combat me and other friends. If they post-surgery chemotherapy no more survival .I say good bye I will not be there anymore. REFERENCE Biomarkers in osteosarcoma, Colin Kong, M.S and Marc F. Hansen, Ph.D.Biology and therapeutic advances in pediatric osteosarcoma, Nayssa Marina Et.al,The oncologist ,2003 Novel therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma targeting osteoclast differenciation, bone reabsorbing activity ,and apoptosis pathways.The molecular pathogenesis of Osteosarcoma; A review, Matthew L. broadhead, sarcoma, 2011. Current strategy for chemotherapy in Osteosarcoma, Dorothy carric, International Orthopedics, 2006 Osteosarcoma: A review of diagnosis ,management and treatment strategies, David S. geller ,MD, and Richard Gorlic MDSwitch from ?v?5 to ?v?6 integrin expression protects squamous cell carcinomas from anoikis, S.M. Janes ,Journal of cell Biology,2006. Analysis of molecular mechanisms of osteosarcoma using bioinformatics approach ,Jaxon yang ,oncology letters,2016. How to cite Cancer Diary of Osteosarcoma, Papers

Customer and Employee Experience Response-myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Differences between Customer and Employee Experience? Answer: Introduction The customer experience refers to the response which a customer develops either internally or externally towards the product and the services received in a given organization by either the customer service or selling staff. The physical interaction, for the most part, occurs during the time of procuring the product, utilization, and the benefit accruing(Chang Lin, 2015). Aberrant contact in most cases involves the rapid experiences which depicts the companys products, quality of management, and the branding. The employees work towards fulfilling the promises made to their customers. There quite distinct differences that emerge out of the duos. The customer experience as it got stated above involves the internal and the external response of the customer towards the products or the services offered by an organization. The customer experience may be the perception that the product produced by a specific firm is of high quality and standard or may perceive the product offered is of low quality and overpriced. Dependent on the perception, the customer is the essential tool for a firm to use in the benchmarking the services and products it offers(srivastava Kaul, 2014). Based on the survey conducted by the business on the customer response, the company would work towards improving on the areas of weakness and improve on the products and services that the customer gave a positive response. On the other hand, employee experience includes the perception that the staff of an organization towards what has just happened or about to happen. In the business field, such a per ception may get to be on how a certain product gets developed successfully and how the customer positively recommended on its quality(Farndale Kelliher, 2013). Furthermore, the employee experience would give a view on how the customer got handled in the process of purchasing the companys products. For any staff working for a firm needs to consider the customers as the priority employers and deliver the very best. In some cases, the experience for both the customer and the employee may get to be positive or negative under varying conditions. For example, there would be circumstances for the customer to perceive the reception and the quality of customer of a given as warm since she/he received the necessary attention and the problems solved passionately. The negative side of the customer experiences emerges that time he/she gets inadequate attention and arrogantly answered by the firms staff meant to serve him or her(Walker, et al., 2014). On the other hand, the employee may turn to be positive in situations where he/she receives appreciation for the good work done even without the monetary award but just appraisals. When a junior employee gets appraisals from the company management, he gets motivated and works towards achieving more for the firm. However, in those circumstances that the employee develops negative experience might be out of lack of recognition of his/her efforts in the progress of the company. Finally, the customer experience may make the firm to grow and progress through talking positively about the products and the services offered by the firm. Through such customer satisfaction acts up to the extent of marketing the company amongst their friends would attract more customers(Dabholkar, 2015). Thus, the firm would expand. Meanwhile, the employee experience gets to determine whether the enterprise succeeds or fails through the staff efforts. Employee and Customer Experience Interaction with the Organization Capabilities and Processes The capabilities include all the collective abilities, the skills and the expertise within an organization. Usually, the capabilities are as a result of the productive investments in the staffing, the training, the compensation, the communication and the other artificial resources. The firm processes include the production, marketing, refining, and others(Camison Villar-Lopez, 2014). The employee and customer experiences interact with the mentioned capabilities for example through the effective communication skills between an employee and his/her supervisor, between the customer care and the customer, builds a positive image and creates a positive experience for the duos. Further, the firms expertise, abilities, and the skills would bridge the gap between the experience of the employee and the customer in the process of working for the enterprise or buying its products. Conclusion It is evident that for the company to grow and progress the experience of both employee and customer should always be positive. With the positive perception of the customer about the products and services provided by a given firm helps to brand the reputation of the organization and the customer moves around informing the friends and family members about the company. Such an act brands the company positively. Finally, a motivated employee would work towards achieving more for the firm he/she works for, hence, promoting the growth of the business. References Camisn, C. and Villar-Lpez, A., 2014. Organizational innovation as an enabler of technological innovation capabilities and firm performance.Journal of Business Research,67(1), pp.2891-2902. Chang, S.H. and Lin, R., 2015. Building a total customer experience model: Applications for the travel experiences in Taiwans creative life industry.Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing,32(4), pp.438-453. Dabholkar, P.A., 2015. How to improve perceived service quality by increasing customer participation. InProceedings of the 1990 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 483-487). Springer International Publishing. Farndale, E. and Kelliher, C., 2013. Implementing performance appraisal: Exploring the employee experience.Human Resource Management,52(6), pp.879-897. Srivastava, M. and Kaul, D., 2014. Social interaction, convenience and customer satisfaction: The mediating effect of customer experience.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,21(6), pp.1028-1037. Walker, D.D., van Jaarsveld, D.D. and Skarlicki, D.P., 2014. Exploring the effects of individual customer incivility encounters on employee incivility: The moderating roles of entity (in) civility and negative affectivity.Journal of Applied Psychology,99(1), p.151.